Java List与Set之间的转换方法

1. Overview

In this quick tutorial, we’ll take a look at the conversion between a List and a Set, starting with Plain Java, using Guava and the Apache Commons Collections library, and finally with Java 10.

This article is part of the “Java – Back to Basic” series here on Baeldung.

2. Convert List to Set

2.1. With Plain Java

Let’s start with converting a List to a Set using Java:

public void givenUsingCoreJava_whenListConvertedToSet_thenCorrect() {
    List<Integer> sourceList = Arrays.asList(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
    Set<Integer> targetSet = new HashSet<>(sourceList);
}

As we can see, the conversion process is type-safe and straightforward, since the constructors of each collection do accept another collection as a source.

2.2. With Guava

Let’s do the same conversion using Guava:

public void givenUsingGuava_whenListConvertedToSet_thenCorrect() {
    List<Integer> sourceList = Lists.newArrayList(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
    Set<Integer> targetSet = Sets.newHashSet(sourceList);
}

2.3. With Apache Commons Collections

Next let’s use the Commons Collections API to convert between a List and a Set:

public void givenUsingCommonsCollections_whenListConvertedToSet_thenCorrect() {
    List<Integer> sourceList = Lists.newArrayList(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
    Set<Integer> targetSet = new HashSet<>(6);
    CollectionUtils.addAll(targetSet, sourceList);
}

2.4. With Java 10

One additional option is to use the Set.copyOf static factory method introduced in Java 10:

public void givenUsingJava10_whenListConvertedToSet_thenCorrect() {
    List sourceList = Lists.newArrayList(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
    Set targetSet = Set.copyOf(sourceList);
}

Note that a Set created this way is unmodifiable.

3. Convert Set to List

3.1. With Plain Java

Now let’s do the reverse conversion, from a Set to a List, using Java:

public void givenUsingCoreJava_whenSetConvertedToList_thenCorrect() {
   Set<Integer> sourceSet = Sets.newHashSet(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
   List<Integer> targetList = new ArrayList<>(sourceSet);
}

3.2. With Guava

We can do the same using the Guava solution:

public void givenUsingGuava_whenSetConvertedToList_thenCorrect() {
    Set<Integer> sourceSet = Sets.newHashSet(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
    List<Integer> targetList = Lists.newArrayList(sourceSet);
}

This is very similar to the java approach, only with a little less duplicated code.

3.3. With Apache Commons Collections

Now let’s see the Commons Collections solution to convert between a Set and a List:

public void givenUsingCommonsCollections_whenSetConvertedToList_thenCorrect() {
    Set<Integer> sourceSet = Sets.newHashSet(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
    List<Integer> targetList = new ArrayList<>(6);
    CollectionUtils.addAll(targetList, sourceSet);
}

3.4. With Java 10

Finally, we can use the List.copyOf that’s been introduced in Java 10:

public void givenUsingJava10_whenSetConvertedToList_thenCorrect() {
    Set<Integer> sourceSet = Sets.newHashSet(0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5);
    List<Integer> targetList = List.copyOf(sourceSet);
}

We need to keep in mind that the resulting List is unmodifiable.

4. Conclusion

The implementation of all of these examples and code snippets can be found over on GitHub. This is a Maven-based project, so it should be easy to import and run as it is.

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