使用Spring Boot自定义FailureAnalyzer

1. Overview

A FailureAnalyzer in Spring Boot offers a way to intercept exceptions that occur during the startup of an application causing an application startup failure.

The FailureAnalyzer replaces the stack trace of the exception with a more readable message represented by a FailureAnalysis object that contains a description of the error and a suggested course of action.

Boot contains a series of analyzers for common startup exceptions such as PortInUseException, NoUniqueBeanDefinitionException, and UnsatisfiedDependencyException. These can be found in the org.springframework.boot.diagnostics package.

In this quick tutorial, we’re going to take a look at how we can add our own custom FailureAnalyzer to the existing ones.

2. Creating a Custom FailureAnalyzer

To create a custom FailureAnalyzer, we’ll simply extend the abstract class AbstractFailureAnalyzer – which intercepts a specified exception type and implement analyze() API.

The framework provides a BeanNotOfRequiredTypeFailureAnalyzer implementation that deals with the exception BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException only if the bean being injected is of a dynamic proxy class.

Let’s create a custom FailureAnalyzer that deals with all exceptions of type BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException. Our class intercepts the exception and creates a FailureAnalysis object with helpful description and action messages:

public class MyBeanNotOfRequiredTypeFailureAnalyzer 
  extends AbstractFailureAnalyzer<BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException> {

    @Override
    protected FailureAnalysis analyze(Throwable rootFailure, 
      BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException cause) {
        return new FailureAnalysis(getDescription(cause), getAction(cause), cause);
    }

    private String getDescription(BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException ex) {
        return String.format("The bean %s could not be injected as %s "
          + "because it is of type %s",
          ex.getBeanName(),
          ex.getRequiredType().getName(),
          ex.getActualType().getName());
    }

    private String getAction(BeanNotOfRequiredTypeException ex) {
        return String.format("Consider creating a bean with name %s of type %s",
          ex.getBeanName(),
          ex.getRequiredType().getName());
    }
}

3. Registering the Custom FailureAnalyzer

For the custom FailureAnalyzer to be considered by Spring Boot, it is mandatory to register it in a standard resources/META-INF/spring.factories file that contains the org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.FailureAnalyzer key with a value of the full name of our class:

org.springframework.boot.diagnostics.FailureAnalyzer=\
  com.baeldung.failureanalyzer.MyBeanNotOfRequiredTypeFailureAnalyzer

4. Custom FailureAnalyzer in Action

Let’s create a very simple example in which we attempt to inject a bean of an incorrect type to see how our custom FailureAnalyzer behaves.

Let’s create two classes MyDAO and MySecondDAO and annotate the second class as a bean called myDAO:

public class MyDAO { }

@Repository("myDAO")
public class MySecondDAO { }

Next, in a MyService class, we will attempt to inject the myDAO bean, which is of type MySecondDAO, into a variable of type MyDAO:

@Service
public class MyService {

    @Resource(name = "myDAO")
    private MyDAO myDAO;
}

Upon running the Spring Boot application, the startup will fail with the following console output:

***************************
APPLICATION FAILED TO START
***************************

Description:

The bean myDAO could not be injected as com.baeldung.failureanalyzer.MyDAO 
  because it is of type com.baeldung.failureanalyzer.MySecondDAO$$EnhancerBySpringCGLIB$$d902559e

Action:

Consider creating a bean with name myDAO of type com.baeldung.failureanalyzer.MyDAO

5. Conclusion

In this quick tutorial, we’ve focused on how implementing a custom Spring Boot FailureAnalyzer.

As always, the full source code of the example can be found over on GitHub.