1. 简介
本篇文章将梳理 Spring 和 Spring Boot 中从 4.x 和 1.4 版本以来被废弃的类，并说明这些类被哪些新类替代。这对于项目升级、维护老系统、以及保持代码现代化非常有帮助。
我们将按 Spring 版本划分，列出废弃类及其替代方案，并附上相关说明。面向读者为有一定经验的 Java 开发者，内容简洁、直奔主题。
2. Spring 中的废弃类
为了方便查阅，我们将废弃类按 Spring 的发布版本进行分类，并在每个版本下按类名排序（忽略包名）。
2.1. Spring 4.0.x
- ✅
org.springframework.cache.interceptor.DefaultKeyGenerator→ 替换为SimpleKeyGenerator或自定义KeyGenerator - ✅
org.springframework.jdbc.support.lob.OracleLobHandler→ 使用DefaultLobHandler（适用于 Oracle 10g 及以上） - ✅
org.springframework.test.AssertThrows→ 使用 JUnit 4 的@Test(expected=...) - ✅
org.springframework.http.converter.xml.XmlAwareFormHttpMessageConverter→ 替换为AllEncompassingFormHttpMessageConverter
⚠️ 以下类自 Spring 4.0.2 起废弃，Spring 4.1 中移除：
org.springframework.cglib.transform.impl.MemorySafeUndeclaredThrowableStrategy→ 因 CGLIB 3.1 默认策略变更
2.2. Spring 4.1.x
- ✅
org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.ParameterizedBeanPropertyRowMapper→BeanPropertyRowMapper - ✅
org.springframework.jdbc.core.simple.ParameterizedSingleColumnRowMapper→SingleColumnRowMapper
2.3. Spring 4.2.x
- ✅
org.springframework.web.servlet.view.document.AbstractExcelView→AbstractXlsView及其子类AbstractXlsxView、AbstractXlsxStreamingView - ✅
org.springframework.format.number.CurrencyFormatter→CurrencyStyleFormatter - ✅
org.springframework.messaging.simp.user.DefaultUserSessionRegistry→ 使用SimpUserRegistry+ApplicationListener<AbstractSubProtocolEvent> - ✅
org.springframework.messaging.handler.HandlerMethodSelector→ 使用MethodIntrospector - ✅
org.springframework.core.JdkVersion→ 直接通过反射判断 JDK 版本 - ✅
org.springframework.format.number.NumberFormatter→NumberStyleFormatter - ✅
org.springframework.format.number.PercentFormatter→PercentStyleFormatter - ✅
org.springframework.test.context.transaction.TransactionConfigurationAttributes→ 与@TransactionConfiguration一同在 Spring 5 中移除 - ✅
org.springframework.oxm.xmlbeans.XmlBeansMarshaller→ Apache XMLBeans 已停止维护
📌 Apache Log4j 1.x 相关类废弃，建议迁移到 Log4j 2
org.springframework.web.util.Log4jConfigListenerorg.springframework.util.Log4jConfigurerorg.springframework.web.filter.Log4jNestedDiagnosticContextFilterorg.springframework.web.context.request.Log4jNestedDiagnosticContextInterceptororg.springframework.web.util.Log4jWebConfigurer
2.4. Spring 4.3.x
Spring 4.3 是一个大版本，废弃类较多，这里按功能分类：
常规替换类
- ✅
org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.AbstractJsonpResponseBodyAdvice→ Spring 5.1 中移除，建议使用 CORS - ✅
org.springframework.oxm.castor.CastorMarshaller→ Castor 项目已停止维护 - ✅
org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.CompletionStageReturnValueHandler→ 使用DeferredResultMethodReturnValueHandler - ✅
org.springframework.jdbc.support.incrementer.DB2MainframeSequenceMaxValueIncrementer→ 重命名为Db2MainframeMaxValueIncrementer - ✅
org.springframework.jdbc.support.incrementer.DB2SequenceMaxValueIncrementer→ 重命名为Db2LuwMaxValueIncrementer - ✅
org.springframework.core.GenericCollectionTypeResolver→ 使用ResolvableType - ✅
org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ListenableFutureReturnValueHandler→ 同上，使用DeferredResultMethodReturnValueHandler - ✅
org.springframework.jdbc.support.incrementer.PostgreSQLSequenceMaxValueIncrementer→ 使用PostgresSequenceMaxValueIncrementer - ✅
org.springframework.web.servlet.ResourceServlet→ 使用ResourceHttpRequestHandler
MVC 基于 HandlerMethod 的基础设施替代类
org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerClassNameHandlerMappingorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvokerorg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodResolver
注解驱动替代类
org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.AbstractControllerUrlHandlerMappingorg.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.AbstractUrlMethodNameResolverorg.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.support.ControllerBeanNameHandlerMappingorg.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.InternalPathMethodNameResolverorg.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.ParameterMethodNameResolverorg.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.multiaction.PropertiesMethodNameResolver
Hibernate 3 替代类（建议升级到 Hibernate 4.x/5.x）
org.springframework.orm.hibernate3.*系列类全部废弃
Velocity 相关废弃类（Spring 4.3 中 Velocity 支持废弃）
org.springframework.web.servlet.view.velocity.*全部废弃
SockJS 中 JSONP 相关类（Spring 5.1 移除）
org.springframework.web.socket.sockjs.transport.handler.JsonpPollingTransportHandlerorg.springframework.web.socket.sockjs.transport.handler.JsonpReceivingTransportHandler
无替代类
org.springframework.core.ControlFlowFactoryorg.springframework.util.WeakReferenceMonitor
2.5. Spring 5.0.x
- ✅
org.springframework.web.reactive.support.AbstractAnnotationConfigDispatcherHandlerInitializer→ 使用AbstractReactiveWebInitializer - ✅
org.springframework.web.util.AbstractUriTemplateHandler→DefaultUriBuilderFactory - ✅
org.springframework.web.socket.config.annotation.AbstractWebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer→ 使用WebSocketMessageBrokerConfigurer - ✅
org.springframework.web.client.AsyncRestTemplate→ 使用WebClient - ✅
org.springframework.web.context.request.async.CallableProcessingInterceptorAdapter→CallableProcessingInterceptor已有默认方法 - ✅
org.springframework.messaging.support.ChannelInterceptorAdapter→ChannelInterceptor已有默认方法 - ✅
org.springframework.util.comparator.CompoundComparator→ 使用 JDK 8 的Comparator.thenComparing - ✅
org.springframework.web.util.DefaultUriTemplateHandler→DefaultUriBuilderFactory（注意parsePath默认值变更） - ✅
org.springframework.web.context.request.async.DeferredResultProcessingInterceptorAdapter→DeferredResultProcessingInterceptor已有默认方法 - ✅
org.springframework.util.comparator.InvertibleComparator→ 使用 JDK 8 的Comparator.reversed() - ✅
org.springframework.http.client.Netty4ClientHttpRequestFactory→ 使用ReactorClientHttpConnector - ✅
org.apache.commons.logging.impl.SimpleLog→ 移至spring-jcl（等价于NoOpLog） - ✅
org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurerAdapter→WebMvcConfigurer已有默认方法 - ✅
org.springframework.beans.factory.config.YamlProcessor.StrictMapAppenderConstructor→ SnakeYAML 自带重复键处理
替换为 AbstractReactiveWebInitializer
org.springframework.web.reactive.support.AbstractDispatcherHandlerInitializerorg.springframework.web.reactive.support.AbstractServletHttpHandlerAdapterInitializer
无替代类
org.springframework.http.client.support.AsyncHttpAccessororg.springframework.http.client.HttpComponentsAsyncClientHttpRequestFactoryorg.springframework.http.client.InterceptingAsyncClientHttpRequestFactoryorg.springframework.http.client.support.InterceptingAsyncHttpAccessororg.springframework.mock.http.client.MockAsyncClientHttpRequest
2.6. Spring 5.1.x
- ✅
org.springframework.http.client.support.BasicAuthorizationInterceptor→ 使用BasicAuthenticationInterceptor - ✅
org.springframework.jdbc.core.BatchUpdateUtils→ 不再被JdbcTemplate使用 - ✅
org.springframework.web.reactive.function.client.ExchangeFilterFunctions.Credentials→ 构建请求时使用HttpHeaders.setBasicAuth - ✅
org.springframework.web.filter.reactive.ForwardedHeaderFilter→ 使用ForwardedHeaderTransformer - ✅
org.springframework.jdbc.core.namedparam.NamedParameterBatchUpdateUtils→ 不再被NamedParameterJdbcTemplate使用 - ✅
org.springframework.core.io.PathResource→ 使用FileSystemResource(Path) - ✅
org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.RequiredAnnotationBeanPostProcessor→ 使用构造函数注入 - ✅
org.springframework.remoting.caucho.SimpleHessianServiceExporter→ 使用HessianServiceExporter - ✅
org.springframework.remoting.httpinvoker.SimpleHttpInvokerServiceExporter→ 使用HttpInvokerServiceExporter - ✅
org.springframework.remoting.support.SimpleHttpServerFactoryBean→ 使用嵌入式 Tomcat/Jetty/Undertow - ✅
org.springframework.remoting.jaxws.SimpleHttpServerJaxWsServiceExporter→ 使用SimpleJaxWsServiceExporter
替换为 EncodedResourceResolver
org.springframework.web.reactive.resource.GzipResourceResolverorg.springframework.web.servlet.resource.GzipResourceResolver
替换为 Java EE 7 的 DefaultManagedTaskScheduler
org.springframework.scheduling.commonj.DelegatingTimerListenerorg.springframework.scheduling.commonj.ScheduledTimerListenerorg.springframework.scheduling.commonj.TimerManagerAccessororg.springframework.scheduling.commonj.TimerManagerFactoryBeanorg.springframework.scheduling.commonj.TimerManagerTaskScheduler
替换为 Java EE 7 的 DefaultManagedTaskExecutor
org.springframework.scheduling.commonj.DelegatingWorkorg.springframework.scheduling.commonj.WorkManagerTaskExecutor
无替代类
org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactoryService
3. Spring Boot 中的废弃类
3.1. Spring Boot 1.4.x
大部分废弃类只是包名变更，类名保持不变：
- ✅
org.springframework.boot.actuate.system.ApplicationPidFileWriter→org.springframework.boot.system.ApplicationPidFileWriter - ✅
org.springframework.boot.yaml.ArrayDocumentMatcher→ 使用精确字符串匹配 - ✅
org.springframework.boot.test.ConfigFileApplicationContextInitializer→org.springframework.boot.test.context.ConfigFileApplicationContextInitializer - ✅
org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.DelegatingFilterProxyRegistrationBean→org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.DelegatingFilterProxyRegistrationBean - ✅
org.springframework.boot.actuate.system.EmbeddedServerPortFileWriter→org.springframework.boot.system.EmbeddedServerPortFileWriter - ✅
org.springframework.boot.test.EnvironmentTestUtils→org.springframework.boot.test.util.EnvironmentTestUtils - ✅
org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.ErrorPage→org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ErrorPage - ✅
org.springframework.boot.context.web.ErrorPageFilter→org.springframework.boot.web.support.ErrorPageFilter - ✅
org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.FilterRegistrationBean→org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean - ✅
org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.MultipartConfigFactory→org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.MultipartConfigFactory - ✅
org.springframework.boot.context.web.OrderedCharacterEncodingFilter→org.springframework.boot.web.filter.OrderedCharacterEncodingFilter - ✅
org.springframework.boot.context.web.OrderedHiddenHttpMethodFilter→org.springframework.boot.web.filter.OrderedHiddenHttpMethodFilter - ✅
org.springframework.boot.context.web.OrderedHttpPutFormContentFilter→org.springframework.boot.web.filter.OrderedHttpPutFormContentFilter - ✅
org.springframework.boot.context.web.OrderedRequestContextFilter→org.springframework.boot.web.filter.OrderedRequestContextFilter - ✅
org.springframework.boot.test.OutputCapture→org.springframework.boot.test.rule.OutputCapture - ✅
org.springframework.boot.context.web.ServerPortInfoApplicationContextInitializer→org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.ServerPortInfoApplicationContextInitializer - ✅
org.springframework.boot.context.web.ServletContextApplicationContextInitializer→org.springframework.boot.web.support.ServletContextApplicationContextInitializer - ✅
org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.ServletListenerRegistrationBean→org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletListenerRegistrationBean - ✅
org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.ServletRegistrationBean→org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean - ✅
org.springframework.boot.test.SpringApplicationContextLoader→ 使用@SpringBootTest或org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader - ✅
org.springframework.boot.test.SpringBootMockServletContext→org.springframework.boot.test.mock.web.SpringBootMockServletContext - ✅
org.springframework.boot.context.web.SpringBootServletInitializer→org.springframework.boot.web.support.SpringBootServletInitializer - ✅
org.springframework.boot.test.TestRestTemplate→org.springframework.boot.test.web.client.TestRestTemplate
📌 Velocity 支持废弃
org.springframework.boot.web.servlet.view.velocity.EmbeddedVelocityViewResolverorg.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.velocity.*
3.2. Spring Boot 1.5.x
- ✅
org.springframework.boot.context.event.ApplicationStartedEvent→ 使用ApplicationStartingEvent - ✅
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.EnableAutoConfigurationImportSelector→ 使用AutoConfigurationImportSelector - ✅
org.springframework.boot.actuate.cache.GuavaCacheStatisticsProvider→ Guava 支持在 Spring 5 中移除 - ✅
org.springframework.boot.loader.tools.Layouts.Module→ 使用自定义LayoutFactory - ✅
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.MessageSourceAutoConfiguration→ 使用org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.MessageSourceAutoConfiguration - ✅
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.PropertyPlaceholderAutoConfiguration→ 使用org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.context.PropertyPlaceholderAutoConfiguration - ✅
org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.ShellProperties→ CRaSH 不再维护
📌 CRaSH 相关类废弃
org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.CrshAutoConfigurationorg.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.CrshAutoConfiguration.AuthenticationManagerAdapterConfiguration
📌 无替代类
org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.cache.CacheProperties.Hazelcastorg.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.jdbc.metadata.CommonsDbcpDataSourcePoolMetadataorg.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.mustache.MustacheCompilerFactoryBean
3.3. Spring Boot 2.0.x
- ✅
org.springframework.boot.test.util.EnvironmentTestUtils→ 使用TestPropertyValues - ✅
org.springframework.boot.actuate.metrics.web.reactive.server.RouterFunctionMetrics→ 使用自动配置的MetricsWebFilter
📌 无替代类
org.springframework.boot.actuate.autoconfigure.couchbase.CouchbaseHealthIndicatorProperties
3.4. Spring Boot 2.1.x
- ✅
org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.CompositeHealthIndicatorFactory→ 使用CompositeHealthIndicator(HealthAggregator, HealthIndicatorRegistry) - ✅
org.springframework.boot.actuate.health.CompositeReactiveHealthIndicatorFactory→ 使用CompositeReactiveHealthIndicator(HealthAggregator, ReactiveHealthIndicatorRegistry)
4. 总结
本文整理了从 Spring 4.x 和 Spring Boot 1.4 以来的废弃类，并提供了替代方案。建议在项目升级时参考本文，及时替换废弃类，保持代码现代化和兼容性。
📌 小贴士：
- 有默认方法的接口可以直接实现，无需适配器类
- 多数废弃类都有明确替代方案，部分因技术栈过时（如 Velocity、Guava）而废弃
- 遇到废弃类时，优先查官方文档或 Javadoc 确认替代方案